Compounds
Problem
Using their empirical definitions, determine which substances are ionic, and which are molecular.
Prediction
I predict that the Sucrose and the Sodium Bicarbonate are molecular, and the others are ionic.
Design
On Sheet
Materials
Safety Goggles
Conductivity
PH Tester
Stirring Rod
Test Tube
Laboratory Scoop
Distilled Water
Sodium Chromate, Na2CrO4
Sucrose, C12H22O11
Sodium Chloride, NaCl
Copper Sulfate, CuSO4
Ethanol, C2H5OH
Pickles
Pickle Juice
Sodium Bicarbonate, NaHCO3
Procedure
On Sheet
Evidence
The water was non-conductive.
The Sodium Chromate, originally a yellow solid, made a clear yellow solution that was conductive, and had a PH of 6.
The Sucrose was a white solid, and made a clear solution, but did not conduct electricity and had a neutral PH.
The Sodium Chloride, or rock salt, was chunky white, but made an opaque, conductive solution with a PH of four.
The Copper Sulfate was oxidized slightly, being a blueish-grey solid, and made a blue tinted solution, that was conductive, and had a PH of 5.
The Ethanol was already diluted with water and in a liquid form, but had a PH of 6 and was not conductive.
The Sodium Bicarbonate, a white solid, was a clear, basic solution of 8.5, and didn't completely dissolve, as some was floating on the top, and it bubbled, indicating an amount of another substance was probably formed.
The pickle juice was a clear green liquid that, quite frankly, stank, and had bits of garlic in it. It was conductive, and had a PH of 3.
The pickle was also conductive, but had a PH of 4.
Analysis
My analysis is that the Sucrose and Ethanol are molecular compounds, with the Sodium Bicarbonate being ionic, and the others being molecular acids. The pickle juice was most probably not a completely pure compound, but a mixture.
Evaluation
While the methods used were accurate, it would have been a bit easier to determine if some other tests were done, and we had a better PH tester. The one that we used was not entirely accurate, from what I thought.
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